Principal-Teacher Ratings - 714 Words

During our pre observation conference, we discussed the performance of your class in based on literacy assessment. The assessment data reflected that most of your students know the letter names and some of the letter sounds. You also shared with me that the majority of students were to some extent familiarized with the reading strategies. We set expectations for the formal observation during the literacy bundle. We discussed the learning activities and small group instruction planned for the visit. On December 4th, I walked into your class to conduct the formal observation. Your class was sitting on the meeting area as you explained to them, â€Å"Today we are going to combine the two strategies. One is to observe the picture†¦show more content†¦They were using the academic vocabulary to practice the beginning sounds. Words cards were available with visuals to scaffold the letter/sound identification. After, you practice with them, students were asked to continue reading the text and practicing the strategies of observing the picture and making the first sound. Natalia and Isai worked together to identify the sounds using the alphabet chart provided. Shortly after, you began to assess students by asking various questions. You asked, â€Å"What word did you find? Can you read it for me? What strategy did you use?† As you moved around the groups, you used the assessment for learning checklist to collect evidence of their performance. In conclusion, you invited students to share how they use the strategy learned and practiced during the lesson. Maria read the word balloon because she looked at the picture and matched the sound. To summarize the lesson you shared with the students that good readers observe pictures and sounds the first letter of the words. During our post observation, I commend you for the following instructional practices that were evident in your classroom: 1. Effective lesson planning was evident. It included learning scaffolds, questions and many other components of thoughtful planning. 2. Explicit instruction provided during the lesson and small group instruction to model the expected learning outcome. It was clear and purposely presentedShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis On The Philosophy Of Control1478 Words   |  6 Pages2016 Five Stars: Critical Analysis on the Philosophy of Control Introduction The new Teacher Evaluation System implemented by the State Department of Education is in question. There are issues with the like lack of accuracy and unfair evaluation practice because of excessive power in the hands of principals. The whole system was in place to increase the accountability of teachers and align their rating with that of the results of the school, but within a year of implementation one can discoverRead MoreState And Local Education System1320 Words   |  6 Pagescan help improve the efficiency of schools and districts and enable school leaders to target resources into classrooms in the most beneficial ways possible. â€Å" I thought it was funny that under the â€Å"teacher† link there was no statement from the Commonwealth about the contributions or roles that teachers play in the education system, only a series of links out different forms and internal sites. Act 48 of 1999 Starting in 2000 Act 48 Act 48 of 1999 requires all certified educators (Instructional I andRead MoreEvaluation Of A Strategic Management Process1436 Words   |  6 Pagesand finally corrective actions, when necessary. This paper will analyze the Five Stars case in relation to these four key steps. Feedback Control System The feedback control system was used in the Five Stars case in order to address the issue of teacher accountability regarding students. The department of education wanted to ensure that student were able to progress in their education despite their school system. Let’s examine each step of the system in relation to the Five Stars case. EstablishingRead MoreEducational Evaluation Project Sample1196 Words   |  5 Pagesorder to document and evaluate all teachers’ student achievement data is an online system called Milepost. This system is used to manage data for all the state standardized tests, district benchmark assessments, as well as the individualized plans for students needing intervention. Principals have access to the teachers’ data in order to evaluate multiple measures of data and get a clear picture of the progress students are making and how effective their teachers are being. One measure of data isRead More parent teacher relationships Essay690 Words   |  3 Pageschild’s/youngest child’s teacher is doing to provide an education for your child? Have you done anything to get to know your child’s teacher or teachers? Have you done anything to get to know your child’s teacher or teachers? Have you done anything to help your child’s teacher or teachers get to know your child and his or her strengths, weaknesses, likes and dislikes? How well do you think you understand what is expected of you as a parent or guardian by your child’s teacher or teachers? Thinking aboutRead MoreHow Two Stakeholder Groups Within Your Educational Organization Essay1351 Words   |  6 Pagesyour Educational Organization Our educational institution at Whitehorse High School includes several stakeholder groups. The two stakeholder groups that I would like to wright about are the parents and the teachers. 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The variables of the study are reflected as a result of the fact that principal leadership is only second to the teacher’s influence in the classroom with studentRead MoreTeacher / Parent Rating Choices For The 9-12 Grade Gifted Students1035 Words   |  5 Pagesand AP classes. The criteria includes: a teacher recommendation letter (8th grade), parent recommendation letter and the report card. Similarly, District C uses Teacher/Parent Rating Scales as a part of the criteria for 2-8 and 9-12. The identification criteria considered for (2-8) also includes a student/parent interview and a math and reading assessment. This is closely aligned with the criteria in District A for 6-8. 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Models of Writing Free Essays

Writing can be an intimidating task.   Many people of all ages will admit to avoiding and even fearing the writing process.   For some reason, the task seems daunting, so methods have been adapted to help ease the process for those that struggle. We will write a custom essay sample on Models of Writing or any similar topic only for you Order Now The five step writing process is typically composed of some derivation of the following steps:   prewriting, planning, drafting, revising, and proofreading.   These steps are widely taught in classrooms from the elementary school level through post graduate work.   The depth of each level is the thing that differs as writers grow and mature. Similar essay: Principles of Good Writing by L.A. Hill Summary The prewriting phase involves the production of ideas and even strategies for later writing of the essay.   This can include using one of many types of graphic organizers such as bubble charts or outlining techniques.   It can also be less organized like brainstorming lists or even random thoughts.   The prewriting phase is a time to explore all facets of an idea without judging or commitment.   During this phase, the writer will find a topic and create his questions for research.   In conducting his research, whether it be formal or informal, he will discover the answers to his questions. Thus the next sequential stage of writing is the planning stage.   Here the writer accumulates all of the information necessary and begins to sort it into categories.   This coincides with the text’s second step of finding and evaluating information from various sources.   Here the writer is still gather information without being certain exactly which he will use. These first two steps correlate with McQuinn and Roach’s first step in their writing process which is the idea step.   According to their website, â€Å"ideas are the heart of the message, the content of the piece, the main theme, together with the details (documented support, elaboration, anecdotes, images) that enrich and develop that theme by building understanding or holding a reader’s attention.†Ã‚   Here the writer comes up with the central focus of his work and gather information to support it.   This information may be anecdotal, research-oriented, observed or simply created.   The ideas are important to the process because they allow for wide-ranging creativity from the writer. The third step in the general writing process is drafting.   The text suggests taking notes from the sources and making a formal outline.   It is at this point that the final decisions are made as to what information should be included.   It is important to note that a draft is not a final copy.   Many students of writing make that mistake.   The drafts are sometimes a type of trial and error routine.   Several drafts may be necessary before the writer becomes satisfied with the content of the essay. This stage correlates with the organization stage of McQuinn and Roach.   They note that organization is the â€Å"internal structure† of a piece which includes is central message and the flow of ideas seamlessly from one to another.   This particular process offers that a well-organized piece of writing will begin with a strong opening and conclude with a powerful conclusion, with many developed and stimulating ideas in between.   Of course the writer will have had to already choose his content in order to accomplish this type of structure in his writing. After the drafting stage, the writer must undertake the process of revising.   The revision stage is one that involves many steps.   The paper must be examined for its content, its logical progression, its flow of ideas, its choice of words, phrasing, and overall impact.   The revising stage is much like the drafting stage because each revision is simply a new draft.   Until the revision stage is complete, the drafting stage is not. McQuinn and Roach’s fourth and fifth area are called word choice and sentence fluency.   These two ideas are key to the revision process.   Word choice has to do with, as the name suggests, the careful choosing of the most perfect words to express meaning.   Sentence fluency is the smoothness and fluidity with which the sentences in the writing roll seamlessly from one to another. According to McQuinn and Roach, â€Å"word choice is the use of rich, colorful, precise language that moves and enlightens the reader. It is the love of language, a passion for words, combined with a skill in choosing words that creates just the right mood, impression, or image in the heart and mind of the reader.†Ã‚   To accomplish this is to really wrestle with words until the most perfect choices are made.   Likewise, sentence fluency focuses on the sounds of the sentences.   This forces the writer to consider sound devices such as rhyme, alliteration, creative phrasing, sentence structure, complexity and length.   The sentences will read, in some cases, like music. Finally, the writer has achieved a focused, organized and creatively crafted piece.   He has one more step to complete.   This step is the revision step.   This step demands that the writer proofread his paper to ensure that the conventions of the English language are followed.   This gives the writer and the writing legitimacy.   The reader recognizes that his writing will be more powerful if it is also correct in its use of punctuation, usage, spelling and other such conventions.   While proofreading may be less creative than the stylistic drafting of the piece, it is nevertheless a vital step in the whole of the writing process. While most process driven models of writing end here, the McQuinn and Roach model includes another area.   This area is that of voice.   They note that voice is the heart and soul of a piece, the magic, the wit. It is the writer’s unique and personal expression emerging through words. Voice is the presence of the writer on the page. When the writer’s passion for the topic and concern for the audience are strong, the text dances with life and energy, and the reader feels a strong and intimate connection to both the writing and the writer. Voice is a more abstract tenet of writing, one that is harder to explain and harder yet to produce. Voice pervades all writing, but not all voice is unique or engaging or even literate.   Many writers take years to produce a recognizable voice.   Some students never learn it.   However, voice is the quality that separates adequate and good writing from great and enlightened writing, yet it is the most elusive quality of all. The process described in the text and the process designed by McQuinn and Roach have many structural similarities.   They both depend on good ideas, organization, drafting, revising and proofreading.   However, the McQuinn and Roach model go beyond this to demand an element of uniqueness, of style, from the writers.   This style is very difficult to teach.   For this reason, it is much more difficult to use. A student of writing would find the text much easier to follow.   The steps are well-defining, and a student who carefully follows them will produce a good piece of writing.   The steps are easy to repeat and practice, and they can be applied to many situations. However, a student who has mastered this type of writing and desire another level to his work will find McQuinn and Roach an excellent step in this direction.   While the tutorial on their website cannot guarantee that one will become a stylist, it gives a mature writer more dimensions with which to experiment in his writing.   Word choice, sentence fluency and voice are all components of this dimension.   Merely good writing can exist without them, but great writing can only emerge with them.   Thus, the user-friendliness of these two models will depend on the level of adequacy that the writer has achieved. References McQuinn, C. Roach, M.   The Writing Process. WORDSMITH A GUIDE to College Writing 3RD EDITON    How to cite Models of Writing, Essay examples

Leadership roles and management functions insuring †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Leadership roles and management functions insuring. Answer: Introduction Leadership can be defined as the process by which a person is able to influence people and to accomplish an objective and direct the organization in a way that makes it more coherent and cohesive. Good leaders develop by a never ending process of self-study, training, education and experience. There are various leadership styles i.e. autocratic leadership style, democratic leadership, transformational style of leadership etc. that are effective to motivate the employees within the organization (Hurwitz Hurwitz, 2015). Purpose of this report is to identify and examine one of the managerial positions in the selected organization and describe his or her job role including personal specification within the organization. Along with this, the report is self-analysis of leadership potentials and skills. At last, report provides personal development plan with the strategies, timeframe and resources required in order to develop the identified weakness. Selected organization and department For the discussion in the report, Company Apple Inc. is selected. In the company, marketing department is selected for the analysis of leadership styles and practices. The objective of the company is to make continuous improvements by the innovations. The company is basically focused on the sustainability of its position in the market. For this, company believes in the cross-cultural collaboration which is helpful in the innovation of new ideas in order to sustain its position in the market. Position title and job description In the marketing department of the company, the leadership skills and roles of digital marketing managers will be identified. In the company, there are various roles and responsibilities of digital marketing manager to operate the business effectively. The roles and responsibilities of digital marketing manager in Apple are described below: The manager is responsible for collaborating with the cross-functional partners in order to manage all the aspects of the business including business planning, promotional campaigns, content strategy and development, customer service, web analytics and other online marketing (Stein Nelson, 2003). The role of manager is to serve as the primary point of contact within the company for the cross-cultural partners. Manager act as the project manager in order to evaluate, prioritize, manage, develop, implement various online initiatives. Further, digital marketing manager is responsible in participating in the development and implementation of strategic and tactical business plans with the cross-functional team in order to support the business strategy (Schein, 2004). Next, digital marketing manager in the company is responsible to manage the use experience of the website including content development, site navigation, and promotional campaigns (Voegtlin, Patzer Scherer, 2012). Role is to demonstrate strong business judgment and decision making skills along with ability to identify, prioritize and articulate the highest impact initiatives. The manager is accountable for building and directing of a cohesive team of internal and external people for developing the business solutions effectively. Person specification The role of digital marketing manager is to manage overall marketing department of the company. There are some requirements and specifications for the role of digital marketing manager. As a marketing manager, the person should have experience to manage and survive the professional marketing staff. Required skills, characteristics and knowledge- There are some characteristics that are required for the role of digital marketing managers in the company. Those characteristics are as follows: Strong effective communicator, Demonstrate highly developed teamwork skills, Ability to coordinate with the large team of diverse and creative employees, Show the ability to enhance the productivity and improve the method continuously, Expert in the digital and social media strategy with the track record on various social media outlets i.e. FaceBook, and Twitter that are essential for the company outreach, Demonstrate effectiveness in conversations with the customers and other employees for the business development, Ability to reach in the environment of constant change, Manage external PR and communication companies and contactors Leadership style Digital marketing manager needs to have transformational leadership style in order to lead the vision of the business. Manager always focus on the future of the business so, transformational leadership is effective to inspire and motivate the employees for the new business ideas. Steve Jobs is the perfect example of transformational leadership in Apple Inc. as he always motivated his staff to think beyond what they already have done and create new and innovative products (Gumusluoglu Ilsev, 2009). Responsibility of a manager in any organization is to meet the desired functionality and operations. In case of self-assessment, it is important for me to develop the understanding about various functioning areas so that organizational as well personal objectives can be achieved by using my skills. In order to meet my job profile, I need to enhance my communication skills and analytical skills to deal with employees and customers. However, I have observed that my motivation, planning and implementation are good there is the need to improve the skills for working with new approaches and situations due to regulator changes in the organization (Samad, 2012). In order to meet the professional standards with the manager profile, there is the need to make changes in the personality and communication so that I can effectively motivate the employees and develop the business in the market. Based on the evaluation of the questionnaire, I have analyzed that current skills are effective in order to manage the workload but, still there is the need of some improvement for delivering the work on time. Along with this, attention will be given on some personal goals and objectives like professional values and good personality among the employees (Roe, 2014). Identification of strength and weakness In order to sustain the position of digital marketing manager, it is important to identify the approach towards own growth and development so that they can be used as the personal profile within the organization. There are various techniques i.e. SWOT and self-assessment which can be used to improve my skills. I have identified that I need to enhance my communication skills and for this manner, I need to make command over presentation of ideas and languages. For a manager, it is necessary to be proficient in language and language. Along with this, manager needs to be excellent in personality in order to sustain the position in the organization. The practices towards the professional standards will be helpful for me to establish strong relationships with the employees (Carmeli, Atwater Levi, 2010). By the analysis of strengths and weaknesses, I will be able to evaluate the professional learning by the professional learning tool i.e. continuous professional development and self-reflective learning. My two strengths and two weaknesses are as follows: Strengths Positive attitude I am an effective listener having the ability to manage interpersonal relationships. I have ability to put new thoughts and have foresightedness which is helpful for me to have vision for the development and growth of the company. My positive attitude and innovative ideas are beneficial for the business. Critical thinking Next, I have critical thinking to evaluate past performances. Critical thinking is helpful for me in getting various approaches to problem solving in the company. This strength is helpful for me to focus on research and knowledge in order to solve the issues in the business (Puccio, Mance Murdock, 2011). Weakness Communication skills By the evaluation of questionnaire, I have analyzed that I have some weaknesses which needs to be addressed for the effective leadership. My non-verbal communication skills are weak and that needs to be addressed. While communicating with different types of people, my communication skills are so much efficient to motivate them. So, I need to address this weakness in order to develop effective leadership skills. Strategy formulation Next, I have weakness related to the strategy formulation of the business as I do not have as much quick and responsive skills to manage the problems. Due to this weakness, employees face difficulties in adopting difficult situations. Need of cultural sensitivity In the leadership practices, culture cannot be ignored by the manager while making decision. The awareness of culture can enhance the effectiveness of the company and its operations in the market. The culture in Australia is different and people have their own way to practice the leadership styles. Leader in the company must adapt their behavior to the country in which they are doing the business (Marquis Huston, 2008). In the workplaces, there is the need to adapt the cultural differences of the employees. The cultural sensitivity and awareness in order to manage the workforce is becoming one of the most important aspects of the business. Cultural sensitivity and awareness among the employees is important for the leader to handle the multicultural business teams. By the cultural sensitivity, employees will be able to understand various cultural influences in the work place that would result in better functioning and coordination among the teams. There are some points that reveal th e need of cultural sensitivity in leadership approaches in the workplace of Australia. The need of cultural sensitivity is for: Understanding various cultural aspects in order to make the employees sensitive for the colleagues in the teams and workplace, Making department head and supervisory staff sensitive to the needs of the employees working with them (Mullins, 2010), Bringing about cooperation and unity among the employees in the organization, and Making various departments i.e. marketing, sales and advertising extra cautious and sensitive and this would be helpful in better expansion strategy In the organization, a manager always has the opportunity to improve the current skills along with the development of new traits in the personality. It is important for the managers to identify various opportunities inside and outside of the organization so that personal objectives can be met by taking timely actions. As a manager, I have observed some future approaches and needs in order to meet them. Development opportunities Current ratings Desired Ratings Appropriate actions Leadership 4 5 To enhance the leadership quality, I will learn from the activities of effective leaders and various theories. I will also leader how to manage the business in tough conditions. Time Management 3 5 For improving time management skills, I will focus on my planning and scheduling strategies to improve the productivity of the work. Planning 3 4 Studying previous activities of the management will be helpful in this manner so that their experience can be used in order to plan for new tasks. Communication 4 5 I will motivate myself to take participation in various events in the organization in order to improve the communication skills. It will also be helpful in motivating the employees within the organization. SMART objectives Based on the analysis of personal strength and weaknesses, it is important to address those weaknesses. Specific- My objective is to enhance my communication and strategy formulation skills by the personal development plan. These are key points that are needed to be improved for the effective leadership activities. Measurable- In order to achieve the set objective of enhancing communication and strategy formulation skills, I will attend various events and sessions within the organization. Attainable- The objectives will be achieved by evaluating my qualities and skills based on the feedbacks provided by my friends, colleagues and family (Yukl, 2010). Realistic- In order to achieve the target, I will plan with proper exercise schedule. I will start communication with my team members and colleagues so that they can be able provide their view points and feedbacks on the specific situation (Wang Rode, 2010). Time-bounded- These particular objectives will be achieved within the time period of one year. These are the short term goals for 12 months including the completion of training and development program and skill development to overcome the weaknesses. Personal development plan For the effective management and encouragement of the employees, personal development plan is as follows: Skills Time management Communication Leadership Planning Working Professional Knowledge Use of resources Improvement required Managing time to deliver task on time Meet the communication skills Satisfaction level of employees Fulfilling the task on time Collaboration with employee Formal language including personality Proper distribution of work Improvement activity Time based allocation of task Participation in various events in organization Observation of capabilities to carry out the job Analyzing prior actions to make better strategies Team work will be implemented Coaching and training will be taken Analysis of work load and capabilities Time Frame 3 months 2 months 1.5 months 2 months 1.5 months 2 months 1 months Evidence Participating in events to manage the time Being enrolled in communication with people Motivating myself to meet the organizational objectives Analyzing requirements of the task Conducting meeting for distributing the workload Using presentations to improve professional knowledge Identifying capabilities to ensure proper use of resources Activities for implementing the plan of development In order to plan for the professional growth, I will follow some activities and processes to ensure the development. This will be helpful for me to present in a better and effective way before the employees so that they can be motivated in their job role. There are various processes and activities that are needed to implement the development plan. First activity is related to keep the development plan on track. The designed questionnaire is helpful in measuring the development or improvement in the personality (Williams Foti, 2011). My weaknesses are highlighted above so, it is my responsibility to complete the task at the given time. Apart from this, before the implementation of the plan, it is important to understand the scope of the development plan as the culture and trend of the company keeps changing and this impact on the working behavior of the employees. For me, it is very important to identify the rates of changes in the company and then analyze the scope of personal development plan. For this, I would like to prefer some process and activities to address my weaknesses in personalities. Training and job experience- I will attend training and development programs to enhance my skills so that activities of employees can be managed. Training will be helpful in learning how to manage the employees in order to achieve the organizational objectives. Along with this, training will also be helpful for me to uncover various managerial functions and responsibilities within the workplace. It will also prove my best in training programs. I will also learn from the job experience by applying knowledge (Northouse, 2013). Mentoring- While mentoring others, it is important for me to understand the optimized practices and approaches in order to lead the employees efficiently. Further, I will also develop my professional skills and knowledge in order mentor the employees for the queries, problems and solutions while completing the tasks. Along with this, I will also make use of the experience of the seniors in order to overcome the time and cost required by the task. Mentoring will be effective in delivering more quality and productivity within the time. Revision of personal development plan As mentioned above, I am facing a bit trouble in communicating with the employees. Along with this, my decision making power and strategy formulation skills are not responsive and quick to deal with the problems. So, I have revised my personal development plan in order to meet the remaining needs. Qualities Lacking Appropriate actions Required time Decision making skills Not so quick and responsive Pre-analysis of issues and learning previous activities 3 Enhancing employee relations Formal behavior Reduce flexible nature and apply formal behavior 2 Professional knowledge Lack in perfection Use practical experience 3 Team working Identification of skills and interest of individual Use techniques to identify the skill sets 4 Conclusion From the above analysis, it is observed that leadership is considered as the ability to lead the people and employees within the organization. There are various analyses related to the leadership practices i.e. some people think that leadership is helpful in motivating the employees within the organization in order to achieve the goals and objectives set by the organization. In simple words, leadership is the process by which a person manages and motivates the team and members of the organization so that they can achieve common goals and objectives. Leadership is an important factor in the organization in order to manage the employees. It is crucial to develop effective leadership for controlling the behavior of the employees. Along with this, with the leadership quality, leaders are able to change the behaviors of their subordinates. Leaders influence subordinates in such way that they can give their best in their job role. References Carmeli, A., Atwater, L., Levi, A. (2010). How leadership enhances employees knowledge sharing: the intervening roles of relational and organizational identification. J TechnolTransf, 36(3), 257-274. Gumusluoglu, L., Ilsev, A., (2009). Transformational leadership, creativity, and organizational innovation: Journal of Business Research. 62. 461-473. Hurwitz, M., Hurwitz, S., (2015). Leadership is a half story. (1st). UK: UTP Publishing Marquis, B., Huston, J. (2008). Leadership roles and management functions innursing: theory and application. New York: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Mullins, L.J. (2010). Management and Organisational Behaviour. (9th). Pearson Higher Education. Northouse, P.,G., (2013). Leadership: Theory and Practices. (7th). USA: Sage Publication. Puccio, G. J., Mance, M., Murdock, M. C., (2011). Creative leadership: Skills that drive change. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Roe, K., (2014). Leadership Practice and Perspectives. London: Oxford. Samad, S., (2012). The influence of innovation and transformational leadership on organizational performance: Procedia Social and behavioral science. 57. 486-493. Schein, E. H., (2004). Organizational culture and leadership. (4th). San Francisco: JosseyBass. Stein, M. K., Nelson, B. S., (2003). Leadership content knowledge: Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 25, 423-448. Voegtlin, C., Patzer, M., Scherer, A. G. (2012). Responsible leadership in global business: A new approach to leadership and its multi-level outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics. 105(1). 1-1 Wang, P., Rode, J. C., (2010). Transformational leadership and follower creativity: The moderating effects of identification with leader and organizational climate: Human Relations. 63, 1105-1128 Williams, F., Foti, R. J., (2011). Formally developing creative leadership as a driver of organizational innovation: Advances in Developing Human Resources. 13. 279-296 Yukl, G., (2010). Leadership in Organizations. (7th). Pearson Higher Education: Global Edition

Love Is a Fallacy free essay sample

Arellano Reading 290 Professor: 30 october 2012 FALLACIOUS WOMAN Fallacies are fun. Errors in deceptive, logic, accidental or deliberate, fallacies go together with studies in critical thinking and reading, and give us great feelings of fallibility. Human consciousness cannot express all the knowledge of experience through language. â€Å"Love is a Fallacy† is a short fun story written in old school days, concerning raccoon coats and the vicissitudes and traps of courtship. Just to show how the story is dated; you will rarely see in fact there is no one who wears raccoon coats today. Fallacy has found it’s mostly from Latin into English version of stories. But reading â€Å"Love is a fallacy† introduces one to the fun world of fallacy. Most of short stories are rich in fun and entertaining characters and beleaguered many with literary devices accompanied by interesting twists. Much fun is derived from Shulman’s â€Å"Love is a fallacy† where the he teaches the fundamental fallacies’ principles in an entertaining way. We will write a custom essay sample on Love Is a Fallacy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Shulman’s â€Å"Love is a fallacy† is all about a young University student man in the early 1950’s. The main character in the story is a self described â€Å"enthusiastic, perspicacious, calculating, astute and acute† man whose main aim as depicted in the story is to obtain, from his friend Petey, a girl called Polly. Petey is a dump guy who is in great need of a raccoon coat. His desperate need for the coat prompts him to strike a deal with the narrator in exchange for Polly. During that period, a raccoon coat was part of life and everybody in the campus was at least having one. Polly was a beautiful girl that everyone would dream of dating. The narrator believed that Polly would be perfect for him because of what he wanted to be in the future. He wanted to be a lawyer and he saw every lawyer marrying a beautiful lady. The only problem was that Polly was not one of the brightest girls on campus. This narrator uses his intelligence to get the better off the roommate whom he assumed not be a very bright guy. He intended to use his intelligence to steal his roommate girlfriend. However, his intelligence comes to haunt him later when teaching Polly logic. The story talks about how fallacious things might seem. After reading the story about these two guys and the lady, there are several many things one can learn about fallacies. One of the fallacies being depicted is that of women. Even though, Polly was not the brightest girl in the campus, she uses the logic to outsmart the narrator. This shows us that everything is not the way it seems. Everyone has both his/her strengths and weakness. It is very vital to look at logic, do an analysis to it, then come up with a very conclusive conclusion. People should be rational in their thinking, deeply analyze a concept, think of what may have been omitted or concealed, before deciding whether it is worth believing in someone or something. When it comes to picking up theory and men’s dating advices, many falls back to evolutionary psychology and evolutionary theory to seek for guidance. This becomes the source of the characteristic waning about social status, dominance, gender attraction, hierarchy and the elusive alpha male. There are several fallacies about women which are seen everywhere and they can result to very dangerous beliefs about sex and women. The three fallacies about women as depicted in Shulman’s â€Å"Love is a fallacy†, are the fallacy of division, fallacy of composition and the naturalist fallacy. The fallacy of composition occurs when an individual assumes something that is true for an individual to be true for a group because the individual is part of the group. In Shulman’s â€Å"Love is a fallacy†, the narrator assumed that he should marry a beautiful lady because every lawyer was married to a beautiful wife. In terms of logical reasoning, fallacy of division is the opposite of the fallacy of composition. The naturalist fallacy occurs when someone assumes what is naturally true to be morally true. Naturally men might take advantage of women because of their position in the society. This is what the narrator tried to do with Polly. However, his plans are dashed away when Polly outdoes him and he ended up the loser.

Free Essays on Tompkins Essay

, historians, filmmakers, or documentarians are endowed to blend this so- called tradition of â€Å"fact and fiction† to create something real in â€Å"an attempt to engage, represent, and understand the lives of others. In his essay, Coles provides examples of work that is social, cultural, and historical. After all, his goal as a documentarian was to grasp an understanding of white culture facing adversity at its highest. The photographs of the â€Å"migrant mother† is a perfect example of ways in which artists can manipulate reality by adding special factors and variables. The contrast in backdrop moves the viewer from a narrow and broad scope of grief to a solid sense of sadness of an individual faces. Let alone, her eyes and expression speak for themselves in a state of deprivation. The children hide in a shy manner, as if they don’t exist, in order to emphasize the migrant mother’s puzzled and miserable outlook. An example Coles uses of a work that is individual or idiosyncratic is the novelist’s approach of writing. â€Å"A novelist uses his or her lived experience and the observations he or she has made and is making in the course of living a life as elements of a writing life. Fictional devices, that is, inform the construction of nonfiction, and of course, fiction, conversely, draws upon the actual, the â€Å"real-life.† With his idea of â€Å"human actuality†, Coles suggests that fiction is a blend of facts. Through documentaries, the public is guided see things in a certain way. Coles considers this as something positive because it enhances an au... Free Essays on Tompkins Essay Free Essays on Tompkins Essay In â€Å"The Tradition: Fact and Fiction,† Robert Coles says that â€Å"in shaping an article or book, the writer can add factors and variables in two directions: social and cultural and historical on one hand, individual, individual or idiosyncratic on the other† ( Coles 177 ). In other words, historians, filmmakers, or documentarians are endowed to blend this so- called tradition of â€Å"fact and fiction† to create something real in â€Å"an attempt to engage, represent, and understand the lives of others. In his essay, Coles provides examples of work that is social, cultural, and historical. After all, his goal as a documentarian was to grasp an understanding of white culture facing adversity at its highest. The photographs of the â€Å"migrant mother† is a perfect example of ways in which artists can manipulate reality by adding special factors and variables. The contrast in backdrop moves the viewer from a narrow and broad scope of grief to a solid sense of sadness of an individual faces. Let alone, her eyes and expression speak for themselves in a state of deprivation. The children hide in a shy manner, as if they don’t exist, in order to emphasize the migrant mother’s puzzled and miserable outlook. An example Coles uses of a work that is individual or idiosyncratic is the novelist’s approach of writing. â€Å"A novelist uses his or her lived experience and the observations he or she has made and is making in the course of living a life as elements of a writing life. Fictional devices, that is, inform the construction of nonfiction, and of course, fiction, conversely, draws upon the actual, the â€Å"real-life.† With his idea of â€Å"human actuality†, Coles suggests that fiction is a blend of facts. Through documentaries, the public is guided see things in a certain way. Coles considers this as something positive because it enhances an au...

Alexander Strozier

Alexander StrozierProfessor Robert FleischmannHUM2230March 25, 2018Future, Drake, and Rick ross are all amazing artist in the hip hop music industry that shows verisimilitude in their music videos as artist did in the Baroque era. Although not everyone in the music industry has the knowledge of verisimilitude it should be a demand as a producer to enhance their artist to be more realistic and get rid of the false advertisements. People of their nature are fans with high expectations of their style of work. Rap music exposes a lot to the public like violence, success, braveness, motivation, and reality but it sometimes gets personal. For example, Rick Ross had problems with another rapper about money situations and their argument took the violent route. So as a hip hop artist Rick Ross had lots of guns in is video with someone tied up to a chair getting tortured and robbed in a scene with the person matching the description of his opponent, yes, it is reality but hip hop gets person which makes it real. Rappers in music videos wear big flashy chains and show money to signify their wealth which is verisimilitude. While in the same scene people are holding rifles and hand guns pointing them at the screen sharing their views of violence and braveness which is also Verisimilitude, even the person who is watching is influenced by these action as well as enlightened. Those videos express a lot and has meaning behind the scenes that are being shown. Truthfully from my point of view Caravaggio and Bernini did master their work as artist, but when it comes to specific things like verisimilitude these new artists like the ones mentioned before are giving them a run for their money. Although not everyone in the music industry has the knowledge of verisimilitude it should be a demand as a producer to enhance their artist to be more realistic and get rid of the false advertisements. In todays world art has yet to forget the true meaning of Verisimilitude, or in other words reality, emotion, or t he since of true features in art that stands out and grabs your attention. Imagine something beautiful like a sunny day with high tempered beams grazing across your head making you sweat while in a garden planting new crops as the old ones are sprouting, and the heat gives your conscience the signal to wipe your face that in a picture would be verisimilitude. It shows feeling, emotion and life. Ones greatly before our time has accomplished this type of art but it was back in the baroque era. There were several artists who performed this type of art during this era but from my point of view only two artists in those days mastered this type of art and their names where Caravaggio and Bernini. Verisimilitude is uneasily done but surely capable of doing as Caravaggio and Bernini mastered it with painting that are popular to this day. Some of their work are hanging in museums now today proving their perfection in Verisimilitude. From one artist one painting would be described as a knowledge to the readers on how verisimilitude was really performed, as in detail the painting are broken down by what proves their art shows verisimilitude. In the early 1600s time Caravaggio painted the Supper at Emmaus. This new birth to the seventeenth century stained a unique transformation in art. Before this dramatic change mannerism existed as the predominant style, great artistic people one being Caravaggio was adapting to natural real figures. Instead of excessively high convoluted poses of well mature muscular males and females, Caravaggio made known figures that arent stiff or dead but have life, dirty clothing, vast rankled skin, and even filthy finger nails. Caravaggios Supper at Emmaus was a duplicate image showing the gospel of Luke 24 where the Resurrected Christ appears to two disciples. Although Jesus had no beard he was recognized by the movement of his raised arm blessing the bread which he is located at the center of the painting in his Resurrection. The disciple is located to the left of him as his arms stretched out in disbelief. positioned next to Christ is the innkeeper, having no idea by the action of his gesture. Sitting directly on the opposite end of the table, positioned the closest to audience is another disciple forcing backwards in his seat. Its Caravaggios conspicuous or prominent way in his art work that truly signifies his talent as a artist in history. Art previous of his existence acted as combined parts or elements to create a whole. Gave creation to the figures posed, stiff, and solid. Supper at Emmaus by Caravaggio is defiantly an example of verisimilitude at that era showed a new style figures in a moment of time. Think for a second how did the two men know who the strange traveler was? How did they know it was Christ, it was by his gesture he raised his arms to bless the bread? In that motion, both disciples are quickly aware of whom he is. The two disciples reacted instantly with disbelief raising up and forcing the selves away from their chairs outstretching their arms. The innkeeper keeps his focus as he is not fazed by the motion as he is confused by it. Though they are all judged by their different gestures it shows real emotions. Caravaggios talent in showing off verisimilitude is more like looking a video with the motion other than stating a dry picture. Caravaggio get in-depth with the figures in his art work, for instance he made the disciples have rugged hands presenting hard work and are in life. The faces of all the men have wrinkles and some have facial hair showing age, and even the man whos standing has ripped clothing. His feature so men with real lives representing different sign and gestures with ware of hard work. Lying on the table is the supper. With bread, fowl, and a basket of fruit. Stiff items which provide life. Symbol of the Supper at Emmaus. The food represents assets of Christ like the bread that he blessed symbolized as his flesh, there is also a fowl on the plate which is mirroring death. placed on the edge of the table barely balanced with gravity is the fruit of the supper which shows breath, resurrection, and lastly rebirth. Next to the bread in the bowl is the grapes which makes wine also a symbol of Christ. The image and position of the bowl gives a viewer the illusion that you can reach out and grab it or push it back on the table, showing such emotion is verisimilitude. Caravaggio worked hard for his perfection as he was named the most famous painter in Rome. Verisimilitude should be symbolized with a high status in todays world of art. And not just one style of art any art. More reality, more emotion and effectiveness gives someone a more angled view of what reality and truthfulness really is. If you were to ask me I fear the future without verisimilitude, it would bring destruction. We as people deserve the truth. So, to all the fakers out there who just entertain and make things believable should be a shame. Its only the truth that will set you free not lies. Verisimilitude is a statement in ones art. As said before plenty may attempt and yes, it is hard to perfect but it is not impossible to be perfected. Bernini was also a well talented and one of the best of all times artist who used verisimilitude, but in my knowledge and mind set, Caravaggio worked hard for his perfection as he was named the most famous painter in Rome. Truthfully from my point of view Caravaggio and Bernini did master their work as artist, but when it comes to specific things like verisimilitude these new artists like the ones mentioned before are giving them a run for their money. Although not everyone in the music industry has the knowledge of verisimilitude it should be a demand as a producer to enhance their artist to be more realistic and get rid of the false advertisements. So twentieth century may we as a group of different cultures, different beliefs, age and gender can we all show and share the knowledge we have from our ancient artist and ancestors the way real and reality should be shown in todays art. The Baroque era was a time of great existence and unique change in art. Let the young and the old as a future continue to take time to perfect this motion of time art. Future, Drake, and Rick ross are all amazing artist in the hip hop music industry now let there be several more as we further our journeys in life. To all we are whole lets create reality and focus our art on verisimilitude as the ancient artist like Caravaggio and Bernini mastered it.

Comparing different philosophical theory Assignment

Comparing different philosophical theory - Assignment Example The opposite of determinism is the principle called indeterminism which states that all situations do not have a cause and may occur on their own. The strength of determinism is that it considers human beings as rational decision makers. Determinism accepts that all human being make decisions on the basis of a cost and benefit analysis and then they perform the act. This means that an individual is already aware of the negative outcomes of an act even before he performs that act. Another strong point of determinism is that it is quite scientific in nature. The weakness of determinism is that it does not explain why certain events may have occurred without a preexisting cause. Compatibilism is another philosophical position which is even regarded as soft determinism and this position holds the view that it is true that determinism exist (Russell 381). This means that those philosophers following this principle accept that every action has a preexisting cause. It even states that all the actions that are performed by an individual are controlled by an individual’s desire. The theory rejects the claim that individuals have a freedom of willingness and that individuals actually are free. This means that an act performed by an individual is only free to the degree that an individual is not being limited by external forces. The theory even states that all activities that are performed by an individual take place due to a particular condition that is being experienced by the individual and this condition is regarded as desire. The strength of this theory is that it believes that human actions are governed by their mental state. This helps in explaining w hy a particular human being performed a particular negative or positive action. It even helps in understanding why a person who follows and accepts moral standards end up performing ethically correct acts while a person who lacks morals indulge in unethical activities. The weakness of the theory is

Ethics and the digital divide and what should I as a security Research Paper

Ethics and the digital divide and what should I as a security professional be concerned with - Research Paper Example 5). Due to this, information can be easily misused and important ethics breached with little restriction. Thus, there is the need for controls and ethics to reduce challenges to information security. Most businesses attain information security through the institution of controls. Corporate governance rules require that the people running organizations, viz. the board of directors and top managers, institute controls and ensure they are working (Nnolim, 2007, p. 69). Information security is one of the core controls that managers need to employ. As a requirement by law, public companies need to appoint external auditors to undertake a thorough audit of the systems, operations and financial transactions of business and pass an opinion on the truth and fairness of the accounts and systems (Millichamp, 2011, p. 2). Most private companies are required to conduct external audits by important stakeholders such as banks. Information security falls under the core areas of statutory or external audits. This is governed by the Generally Accepted Accountancy Practice (GAAP) rules of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Apparently, there is a strong connection among information security, increment in information security risks which comes with the bridging of the digital divide, corporate governance and statutory audit. This paper will examine the role of information security professionals in controlling risks in a period of fast IT growth and the role of corporate governance and statutory audit in ensuring that those systems are working. In attaining this end, the following objectives will be met: This section will define the core concepts that are being reviewed in this study. This will set the framework for further analysis of the interconnectedness of the different concepts and how they work together to support organizations to keep running. According to Nnolim (2007, p. 4), ISO defines Information

Importance Of Sociology As A Field Of Study Essay Example for Free

Importance Of Sociology As A Field Of Study Essay Sociology as a field of study attempts to explain the relationship between an individual and society. Sociological theories are a tool used to explain sociological problems and social structures. (Blumer, 1969) Societies can be viewed as organic structures. This was first explained by Parsons and Durkheim as they developed structural theories. These theories can be applied in education i. e. how students view education. Societies can also be viewed as economic structures. Under this concept, falls the conflict theory developed by Carl Marx. Marx looked at a number of theories that attempt to explain how people’s lives are shaped by social structures. Other theories that share a similar perspective are the functionalist theories. Societies can also be looked as social action. This implies that society shapes how people view themselves. In line with this perspective, sociologists came up with the idea of symbolic interactionism. There are also other ideas that go hand in hand with this idea i. e. GH mead. Lastly, one must apply all the sociological theories stated above and many others that have not been mentioned. For example one can consider Medicalisation of society’s problems. This can be explained by a number of sociological theories like: Marx’s theories, interactionist theories and Durkheiman’ theories. Importance of sociology as a field of study Conflict theory Sociology assists in explaining social change. It helps us to understand what the role of the individual is in changing society. This is best explained by the Conflict theory. This theory does not have only one name connoted to it although the founder of the theory was Karl Marx. There are various regions in the world where sociologists elaborated on this theory. Some of these sociologists are; †¢ Ralf Dahrendorf – Germany †¢ Ludwig Gumpolvicz – Germany †¢ Lewis Coser and Collins – USA †¢ Max Gluchman and Rex – UK (Garfinkel, 1967) The conflict theory’s main idea is that there exists a constant struggle in society and every entity in society is trying to make the most of their reimbursement consequently bringing about social change. This change can come in form of revolutions or it may be political. It focuses on coercion by groups and individuals to alter or control others’ actions. The theory helps us to understand why ideologies like socialism and capitalism. There is a constant struggle within society for paybacks. This theory can be viewed from two angles. The first angle is a radical one; society will forever in conflict while the second angle is that conflict combines with struggle to make up society. This moderate angle is best explained by the functionalism. The latter mentioned theory postulates that every member of society has a specific role to play. Conflict theory can best be perceived as a pyramid. Influential people are at the top and they impose their will upon less powerful people who happen to be the majority. This implies that people in power are taken to be superior and they are the ones responsible for modern day laws, institutions and traditions. This theory can be stretched to explain how morality or deviance is defined. The powerful individuals in society label deeds or actions as immoral if those actions challenge their influence and power. Conflict theory also attempts to explain stratification in society but from an individualistic point of view. It looks at individuals needs instead of society’s needs as a whole. Every individual tries to struggle for respect, goods and services as well as power; these e all very scarce. In this light therefore, individuals belong to organisations that represent their own interests. The theory views organisations as entities that are mostly influenced by external rather than internal factors. (Goffman, 1958) In the theory, there are a number of conflicts that fall under. These include; †¢ Class †¢ Race and ethnicity †¢ Gender †¢ Religion Marx believed that class conflict was caused by differential ownership of property. However, this theory was later challenged by other sociologists who believed that there is more to class than property ownership. These sociologists believe that this is only one aspect. Racial conflict has its root cause in differential power. According to the theory, superior races are those one who are well endowed with power, prestige and education. There are four basic assumptions in this theory. The first is that there is inequality in society’s structures, secondly there is revolution as a result of struggle between a numbers of social classes, thirdly there is competition for resources and lastly war exists to unify or divide society. Conflict can take the form of a strike where workers struggle to gain back control after it has been taken from them by their employers. Another form of a conflict could be through wars. Wars usually represent clashes between social classes. Taking the case of military coups, this is an example of a conflict between the main population and the military. (Durkheim, 1915) Ethnomethodology Ethnomethodology is the study of how people interpret their social world. This theory has its history back in the mid twentieth century and was founded by Garfinkel who was an American sociologist. The theory is quite different form other well known theories. This theory is founded on the fact that there is no order in society; society is chaotic or has the potential to be chaotic. According to the theory, any semblance of order is created by the minds of actors within society it simply does not exist. This is in sharp contrast to other well known theories. Social order may be defined as the systematic pattern of behaviour within society. It opposes the fact that actions are not thought out and are simply haphazard. Ethnomethodologists believe that individuals encounter several experiences in their lives. These individuals try to make sense of these encounters by placing them into a form of organised system. They believe in a documentary method. Here, individuals simply pick out certain events within a social situation and try to make sense of them. After they have organised those events into a pattern, then they use that pattern as a template to explain other situations that may arise. Garnfinkel used an experiment to demonstrate this theory. He got a number of students and instructed them to ask a supervisor about a number of issues on their mind. The students could not see the advisor but could talk to him. They asked him a number of questions and this advisor could only say yes or no. What the students did not know was the advisor was reading out a list of responses that did not match their questions in any way. It was found that most of the responses did not make logical sense but most of the students tried to interpret them nonetheless. They did not question the integrity of the advisor but they tried to compare past responses with present ones in order to come up with an orderly pattern. For example one of the students thought that he should quit school and asked the advisor this. The advisor told him ‘no’ and out of disbelief the student repeated this same question after which the advisor said ‘yes’. It was found that this particular student did not dismiss the advisor but tried to make sense of the situation. According to the theory, the students were trying to form sense out of senselessness. They were trying to turn chaos into order. Garfinkel introduces the idea of indexicality. This means that human beings have a tendency to index things that occur to them i. e. they always try to put things within a certain social context. They must relate it to other things that have occurred to them before or during a particular scene. For example, the interaction that took place between the students and the advisor followed a certain path because the students held the advisor in high esteem. This implies that if the student could see what was happening with the advisor behind the screen that had covered him, or if their classmates asked answered their questions, then their reactions would have been totally different. This is because the students would simply have formed another documentary. People who adhere to this theory believe that all human beings have preconceived notions about their daily lives. This means that if a sudden change was brought into someone’s life their reactions are quite different. This is justified by the fact that it would be very chaotic if we looked at things differently at all times. We must become familiar with some aspects of our lives so as to be able to Symbolic interactionism This theory has its history in the late nineteenth century. It was pioneered by a sociologist from Germany called Marx Weber. The theory is best known for its subjectivity rather than its objectivity. Interactionists focus on individuals rather than on society as a whole. They perceive human beings as creatures whose behaviours are reactive or subject to the approval of others. This is because all actions, according to them, are like symbolic actions which are interpreted differently according to one’s perspective. This theory also looks at human beings as symbolic objects who can think and react to situations. This means that individuals within a society are active participants of their society. They determine what happens to them. Sociologists adhering to this theory believe that we are not passive entities who must mould themselves to society’s rules and standards. This theory focuses on external issues and simple interactions. It cannot be used to interpret deeper social settings like capitalism. It is also quite crucial to note that this theory perceives society’s norms as transient and constantly changing. Stability and order in society is determined by negotiations. The systems themselves are not stable but the means by which these systems in society are created is stable. (Merton, 1968) The theory therefore points one on the direction of roles played by people in society. The theory places importance in role making and role taking. This means that individuals must put themselves in a certain perspective in order to understand another person’s point of view. Studies on interactionism are therefore done through active role taking. This is because they believe that one must interact thoroughly with another party in order to understand the reason why they made their decision. However critics have claimed that the theory is too narrow and cannot be applied to macro situations. It has also been criticised for its impressionism during research methods. (George, 1964) Functionalism The theory was pioneered by a French sociologist called Emile Durkheim back in the mid to late nineteenth century. This theory compares the individual with his/her society and also scientific method of analysing society. This implies that one can be able to study the social world using observation and analysis. It also assumes that studies of society can be done freely and without any bias. Another crucial aspect of the theory is the organic aspect of society. It compares society to an organism. That there are various parts of the body that each has their own function. This is analogous to society and its members. It is also important to note the homeostatic nature of interactions. This theory looks at society as a system that must remain in equilibrium. Any deviation from this is corrected by a number of mechanisms like gossip or even imprisonment depending on the scenario. Conclusion Interactionists believe that social order is continuously remade as people interact. Social order is not static and changes with time. Functionalists believe that order within society exists as a result of an agreement between members of society. That is collective behavioural patterns that are regarded as the norm in society. Again, the theory strongly affirms that social order does exist. Marxists believe that social order is created from a struggle to gain control of limited resources while ethnomethodologists mould situations to fit into a certain behavioural pattern. All these theories attempt to explain why human beings behave the way the do either as individuals or as a group on a macro scale. This is the essence of sociology.

Huckleberry Finn :: essays research papers

Huckleberry Finn Essay   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by: Mark Twain there are two major symbols. One of those symbols is the Mississippi River and the other is the Village in which Huck lives. The two symbols represent freedom and rules respectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Village is a symbol of rules and the law. This symbol is very obvious when Huck is living with the Widow Douglas and Miss Watson. For instance, Huck asked if he could go out and have a smoke and the Widow Douglas said â€Å"†¦it was a mean practice and wasn’t clean†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Twain 2). This restriction was not the only one. The Widow Douglas’s sister Miss Watson would keep â€Å"pecking at him† (Twain 3) and telling him â€Å"don’t scrunch up like that Huckleberry—set up straight.† and when he did that she would say â€Å"Don’t gap and stretch like that, Huckleberry—why don’t you try to behave?† (Twain 2). The Widow Douglas also made Huck go to school and read the Bible, both things he did not want to do. Huck was being pushed into religion and was being corrected and told what he was doing was wrong constantly. Huck needed some freedom, which he found on the river.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Mississippi River is a symbol of freedom to both Huck and Jim. Huck escapes from the widow’s house and gets to do whatever he wanted when he wanted. For instance, Huck could pull out his pipe and smoke all he wanted. When the ferry boat came to look for him, he â€Å"lit a pipe and had a good long smoke† (Twain 38). For Jim, the river means a new chance at life. A life without being a slave and not taking orders and doing whatever he is told. Jim wants to do whatever he wants to do. The river also gives Jim a chance to get to Cairo and earn some money. He needs to earn the money so he can buy his wife and daughter from The Widow Douglas. If she will not sell his wife and daughter back to him then he plans to go and steal them back. Then Jim will actually be able to enjoy his freedom with his family.

Business Ethics Reflection Essay

A few years ago, my company decided to hire a man of Middle-Eastern decent to fill an open project engineering position. The gentlemen exemplified what the company wanted and needed in an employee. He had the educational requirements, work history, and years of experience in our manufacturing field. He shined during the interview process and stood head and shoulders above the other candidates. My company wasted no time making the man a reasonable offer and he gladly accepted soon afterwards. Within a few months after his arrival, the gentleman was tasked to lead a project to install an aseptic blend operation. The aseptic blend operation had some strict personal hygiene requirements. One critical requirement was no employee could don a beard when working in the blend area. Ironically, the gentleman sported a full lengthy beard in which he wore proudly as part of his Middle Eastern culture. Eventually, an unexpected ethical dilemma was on the rise. My company was caught between asking the man to shave his beard, assign another engineer to the project, or amend the requirement. After a few weeks of laboring over this problem, my company decided it would be in the best interest of all parties involved to allow the man to keep his beard and still lead the project. To do so, my company researched and was able to source large aseptic-acceptable beard nets. The gentleman was open to the idea of wearing the beard nets and the project was completed on time. The virtue, value, and moral conceptual issues in this ethical dilemma were also of interest. In terms of virtue, this man’s character was never in question. He was neither right nor wrong but was simply adhering to his cultural ways. In terms of values, the man’s personal values differed from those of the company’s. The man valued his culture and held it in high regard. As a result, he made a choice to sport a beard that signified his culture and ancestry. On the other hand, the company initially valued their policies. Yet, the company eventually decided to change them to honor the man’s values. Morally speaking, the virtues and the values of the company  and the man were not aligned thus causing an ethical dilemma. Neither of the two was right or wrong but simply had different beliefs. There were several ways in which external social pressures influenced business ethics in this situation. For example, when local Middle-Eastern delegates found about this ethical issue they became irate. They threatened to boycott the company’s products, protest outside of the company, and pursue a lawsuit. The local ACLU, The American Civil Liberties Union, spoke up against the company’s policies as well. Although they didn’t threaten any actions, their mere presence was enough to sway the company to change its policies. Finally, social pressure form the many Middle-Easterners within the community, county, and state weighed heavily on the company. These external social pressures along with internal pressure from employees were too much for the company to ignore. Again, as a result, the company amended its aseptic operation polices. If I was a company and was faced with the same dilemma today, I would have arrived at the same solution. Personally, in this situation, it would be better to amend a policy by finding suitable solutions, than it would be to stand firm. The company did the right thing by finding and purchasing acceptable beard nets rather than fight a lengthy battle in the judicial system and the court of public opinion. Therefore, I would have done the same thing today. If I was the gentleman in this situation, I would have done exactly what he originally did; stand firm and work towards to solution in which all parties are satisfied. I would not have decided to cut my hair because that would have violated my cultural values and personal value system. In the end, the solution was amicable to both the gentleman and the company. This ethical dilemma, although rectified in a reasonable fashion, brought to light other policy issues within the company. As a result, the company hired an ethical officer who oversees all policies, rules, and procedures. Also this individual helps orientate new hires who cultural ways and values are not easily recognized. This has helped the company become more cultural diverse and more cognizant of others who values differ from the majority of  the workforce References: * Managing Business Ethics * L. Trevino & K. Nelson * 2007

The Real Value of “E-Business Models”

Summary Note: The real value of â€Å"e-business models† Research Questions Asked * What is the meaning of e-business model? * Do the e-Business model really matter to create a thriving e-firm? * Can only a good e-business model will give the strength to company to get success? * What are the real key factors determining the survival or failure of e-firm? The e-business model is a model used by the e-commerce company to better be organized for providing a product or service, generating revenues and, especially, creating and adapting to the new market and technologies.Summary This article suggests in a critical way how this important model could be applied to different types of company, distinguishing the model by categories. It pays attention how the particular model is not the only successful key of the company, but it will an important tool if the company understands the linkage between it, its core business and the marketplace environment. The article presents some cases of failure and success, and how it creates a thriving for the firm. Supply chain model Direct sales: the firm provides a product or services directly to a customer ( Dell, Cisco, Aol) * Intermediary: the firm sells goods from a third party (Amazon) * Electronic marketplace: make easier the direct communication between buyers and sellers (Autobytel) Revenue model * Income is generated directly from the customer transaction * â€Å"Free sires where the income is generated through advertising or sponsorship (Napster) Internet business can also be distinguished according to the markets they serve * B2B business to business * B2C business to consumer Click and mortar: relies on offline asset * Pure play model: purely net based Failure and key of success Odds of survival of different business models compared| E-tail vs direct sales | 0. 93:1| Portal vs direct sales| 0. 97:1| Marktplace vs direct sales| 1. 30:1| Pay vs free| 0. 80:1| Clicks/mortar vs pure Net | 11:01| * E-tail and portal si tes are slightly less likely to survive than direct sales sites * Marketplace model are likely to survive that direct sales sites * Free sites are a little more likely to survive than pay sites * Clicks and mortar are 11 times more likely than pure Internet sites.Observation : * Firm that are part of group have a strategic advantages as brands, customers and suppliers relationship and cash * E-models are flexible and they enable rapid growth. Why some company in the same market will get success and some are not? * Logistic strategies – Case of eVineyards and Wine. com: the first decides to set up own retails store in each location generating a quicker and more reliable service. The second decided to outsource by relying on retail partners in various location, but it generated longer delivery times and out-of-stock problems Channel conflict: some firms have to cease trading via the Net owing to conflicts with existing channel partners (Starbucks, Levi Strauss, Reebok) * Free a nd pay web sites: the mass of users is attracted when the service is free * Lack of customer benefits is a common cause for the failure of the company * Network externalities: some firms focus on creating an high numbers of user, reeling in a large enough user base to make it attractive for the other users to join (eBay) * Level of utility and value added: to achieve a high target market penetration it may be necessary to be innovative (Priceline)What to take from it? * Each model raises particular issues * There is not a â€Å"perfect model† * Key factor is understanding and managing the particular problem inherent in their model * The chances to be successful are much higher when the firm is a part of a larger group Critique * It's a bit old. * It does not tell us , how is perfect business model look like? Questions for class * Is necessary to have a business model? * What are the key drivers of success in the business model? * How will these change in the future?

Oppression of the Natives by the Ruling Elite in Latin Ameri essays

Oppression of the Natives by the Ruling Elite in Latin Ameri essays The Clorinda Matto de Turner novel Birds Without a Nest exposes the theme of absolute rule by elites in local communities in late colonial Latin America. These authority figures, as expressed by Turner, tell the reader in these parts of the world, the victims that escape the hands of the priest fall into the power of the authorities and ...if we fix our eyes on the Indians, the heart grows desperate before the oppression which they endure from the priest and the caciques (128). This theme is one that is recurring in Latin America in the late colonial periods. In Turners novel, the four local authorities; the Priest, Sub-Prefect, Judge and the Governor control the town of Killac; all oppress the native Indians in order to maintain a lifestyle that they are accustomed too. In the following paper, I would like to analyze how local authorities manipulate society in order to benefit themselves, through techniques such as debt peonage, demoralizing the natives, and controlling the local la ws. Early in the novel, the audience finds out about priestly corruption and suppression of Native Indians. This is evident when Father Pascual imposes an embargo on the Yupanqui family crops due to a loan provided to cover a burial of Marcelas mother-in-law. This results with a collector pursuing Juan Yupanqui, a native Indian, to pay a ten-dollar loan, which with the five hundred percent interest, grew into a one hundred twenty-dollar debt. Such distributions in advance (10) represent one of the ways the local caciques try to force the native peoples to pay their labor. However, due to the high interest, the debt is almost impossible to eliminate. This forces the natives to provide some sort of payment to the lender for indefinite periods of time. Treatment such as this toward natives was quite common throughout Latin America in the late Colonial Period since there were no local banks established and local priests and...

Parent interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Parent interview - Essay Example Both Meighan and Mitch read the ‘required’ books that a lot of young parents read, from ‘What to Expect When You’re Expecting† to the numerous pamphlets and handouts from their OB/GYN. They took a parenting class through their local health unit that taught the proper breathing techniques, as well as what to expect through labor and delivery and after the baby arrived. Settling into life with a new baby wasn’t that difficult for the Stevens’. Their personal life didn’t change that much from having the baby around all the time, they had support from both families and the transition to parenthood was a smooth one. Parenting isn’t always easy though, and there were some stressful times. Meighan says that she had a lot of problems trying to breast feed, at the time there was a lot of pressure to breast feed (from the many books, pamphlets and even the nurses in the hospital who seemed to push it) over bottle feed and Meighan felt like a failure when she couldn’t live up to the expectations. Thankfully, after a visit from a health unit nurse, who suggested that formula was not the enemy, Meighan relaxed and supplemented with formula. She felt less of a failure when subsequent doctor visits showed Sarah was thriving.

JUDGEMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

JUDGEMENT - Essay Example gusz, especially during Christmas, who has become increasingly isolated and distrustful of everyone, living without a phone and scared of being burgled2. In addition, there is no evidence that Mr Bogusz has been in contact with his Ukrainian family. There are several facts that give rise to donatios mortis causa. Vallee visited Mr Bogusz on the 6th of August 2003 and found him to be quite unwell with a â€Å"chesty† cough, although the two did not discuss any diagnosis. When they referenced the next Christmas period, Mr Bogusz said that it was not his expectation that he would live for much longer. In fact, he claimed that he may not live to see the next Christmas. According to Vallee, Mr Bogusz wanted the land to pass on to her after his death, giving her the keys and title deeds to his house3. However, over the course of the appeal case at the High Court, she corrected this to mean one key, which she did not retain. In addition, Mr Bogusz gave Vallee a plastic bag that contained his photo album and war medals. However, Mr Bogusz continued living in his house and property and Vallee had no access and did not visit him after that4. Thereafter, Mr Bogusz survived for at least another four months before dying on the 9th of December 2003 from bronchopneumonia. Initially, this was thought to create bona vacantia and intestacy. Ms Vallee intimated a claim to TSol who rejected her claim of a donatio mortis Causa5. The defendant involved heir hunters to trace a brother, as well as other relatives living in the Ukraine and, in 2009; Tsol accepted the brother’s entitlement. Ms Vallee instituted a claim in 2012 and circuit judges decided in her favour during the trial in Oxford County Court. This they did with little academic analysis, while they did not cross-examine Ms. Vallee. The case was appealed at the High Court Chancery Division to Judge Jonathan Gaunt QC, sitting as deputy judge. The case was again dismissed and the case was appealed at the Court of

Strategic Choices for Coca Cola Company Research Paper

Strategic Choices for Coca Cola Company - Research Paper Example On the other hand, weaknesses of the company are negative publicity; health issues attached with the brand, some brands of the company are less popular, poor performance in North America and decline in cash from operating activities. Examination of the external environment demonstrates opportunities and treats of the company. Uncovered market, growing bottled water market, buy out competition and acquisition of the intense competition can be proves opportunities for the company. On the contrary, increasing health consciousness, increased competition from local and international players, legal issues, health ministries of various developing countries are imposing threats on the company (The Coca-Cola Company, 2011). In order to avail the maximum benefits of the strengths and opportunities, the company is advice to handle the threats and weaknesses very carefully. In this context, creation of competitive advantage is recommendable. When a firm has an edge over its competitors then it is said to have a competitive advantage. According Michael Porter, there are two types of competitive advantage viz cost advantage and differentiation strategy. Coca-cola achieved its competitive advantage by delivering same benefits as competitors but on lower cost i.e. cost leadership. However, both local and international competitors pull down its rates to the level of Coca-cola which ended its cost leadership. Then it came up with benefits that exceed those of competitors which are called differentiation strategy. This strategy worked in favor of the company as it positioned the company with distinctive taste in the market. It also added some snacks to its product line which again made its look different (Thinki ng made easy, 2009). The strategic choice of the company is based on the resource based view concept. This concept focuses on creation of competitive advantage by utilizing firm’s resources

The effect of calcium in reducing risk to melanoma Research Paper

The effect of calcium in reducing risk to melanoma - Research Paper Example Melanoma has three distinct categories namely cutaneous, mucosal and ocular melanoma (Dorce, 2013). Cutaneous melanoma is the most prominent and occurs on the skin precisely in the cells of the pigment. Mucosal melanoma is common in the vagina, throat, anus and canals of passages (Braeuer et al., 2014). A rare form of melanoma is the Ocular Melanoma that appears mostly around the eyes. Melanoma is treatable at an early stage but if the cancer goes unnoticed, it advances to other body parts where it becomes fatal and extremely hard to treat. Barnhill argued that some of the signs of melanoma include the development of moles on the skin (2004). Bleeding spots on the body and un-healing sores may be indications of melanoma. In women, melanoma is mostly on the legs whereas in men it’s common on the upper back. Women have turned to meals with low-calories with the aim being to get slim. As a result, calcium appears to be deficient in women thus increasing chances of melanoma. Individuals with skin that is extremely sensitive to ultraviolet radiation are at higher risks of melanoma. In addition, excessive sunburns resulting from increased exposure to the sun at a tender age may cause melanoma later on because of damaged cells that are prone to cancer. Some rare cases of cancer history in a family exist where children acquire melanoma genetically from parents (Sucio, 2014). In previous periods, surgery coupled with chemotherapy was the best options of dealing with melanoma. Doctors have recently adopted the combinations of calcium and vitamin D supplements to treat the skin cancer. Calcium has proven to be detrimental in eliminating the risk associated with a number of cancer ailments. For instance, the consumption of calcium destroys polyps that would have elevated bowel cancer. The case of melanoma is no different, as calcium and Vitamin D have made remarkable changes

Overview and analysis of Leadership theories

Overview and analysis of Leadership theories Men make history and not the other way around. In periods where there is no leadership, society stands still. Progress occurs when courageous, skillful leaders seize the opportunity to change things for the better Harry S. Truman. Leadership has been defined in several ways. In its simplest form, leadership has been described by Susan Ward as the art of motivating a group of people to act towards achieving a common goal. Leadership, however, is a very complex subject, and encompasses such wide ranging disciplines like human psychology, man management, management of resources, communication skills, technical knowledge etc. A leader, therefore, is a person who has these skills and knows how to use them to motivate, guide and inspire the team to achieve his vision. For centuries, leadership has traditionally been associated with the military. In recent times, however, the importance of business leadership has become more and more evident. As a consequence of this paradigm shift, the old theories of leadership have given way to new ones, more aligned towards the business environment. Overview of Leadership Theories The concept of leadership has witnessed a gradual change from individual leadership to organisational leadership. A study of the evolution of leadership theories through the ages clearly highlights this point. The earliest studies on leadership were based largely on existing leaders, giving rise to the theory that leaders were born, not made. The dominance of the male gender, particularly in military leadership, gave rise to the Great Man theory, which suggested that born leaders would arise when the situation called for them. It is quite evident that in the modern sociological environment, this theory can be considered to be irrelevant. An offshoot of the Great Man theory was the Trait theory, which suggested that some people had certain inborn traits that qualified them to be good leaders. This theory suffers from similar drawbacks as the Great Man theory. Moreover, both these theories are applicable to individual, rather than organisational leadership. A quantum jump from the earlier theories came with the concept of the Behavioural theory of leadership. With this, the focus shifted to learning, rather than inheriting the art of leadership. The Participative Leadership theory evolved on the premise that better decisions could be made if the process involved several people instead of one person alone. On the other hand, according to the Situational Leadership theory, the leadership style would depend on situational factors. In the study of leadership in the context of modern business, the two most popular theories that have emerged are the Transactional theory and the Transformational theory. The transactional leaders work through a process of clear structures, and a system of rewards and punishments forms an integral part of the process. The Transformational theory is based on the leaders vision and his ability to get his subordinates to follow that vision by personally inspiring them and transforming them by enlarging their vision, motivating and providing intellectual development. Literature Review Studies on leadership have been carried out since time immemorial. In circa 500 BC, Sun Tzu described the five traits of a successful leader (Gagliardi, 1999). It is believed that his thoughts on leadership closely approximate the Situational Leadership theory of modern times. In 16th century AD, Niccolo Machiavelli put forth theories on how a prince should acquire and maintain his state. Other strategists of their times such as Lao Tzu and Confucius of China and Chanakya of India also taught leadership principles some of which are still relevant today. Since the turn of the twentieth century, when the action shifted from the battlefield to the boardroom, new leadership theories have been presented, existing ones have been revised, reviewed and reframed, and new leadership gurus have become household names. The Trait Theory. The Trait theory has been in existence since the early 20th Century. Various studies carried out by different researchers (Stogdill, 1948, 1974; Mann, 1959; Lord, DeVader and Allinger, 1986; Locke and Kirkpatrick, 1991) are in agreement that specific traits exist that distinguish leaders from non-leaders, but differences exist in the traits identified by them. However, it is evident that mere possession of these traits does not make a leader as a combination of personality and situation would determine the leadership qualities at any point of time. Moreover, the identifications of traits is a subjective issue, and their validity would remain debatable. The Behavioural or Style Approach. In the early 1950s, the focus of leadership theories shifted from traits to behaviours as many scholars felt that leader behaviour was more important than mental, physical or emotional traits. Two studies carried out by Ohio State University and the University of Michigan in the late 1940s and 1950s set out to validate this theory. Using a questionnaire on a sample population, the Ohio study concluded that there were two distinct aspects of leadership: initiating structure or task oriented behaviour; and consideration, or showing concern for subordinates. The Michigan study concluded that leadership behaviour could be either employee oriented, or production oriented. Both these studies indicate that there are certain universally applicable leadership behaviours, but there is no proper empirical evidence to support these. Moreover, these studies have not taken the effects of variable situations into consideration. Situational Leadership Theory. Based on Reddins 3-D Management Style theory and developed by Blanchard and Hersey (1969), this is one of the most widely used theories that has found widespread use in training and employee development and works on the premise that the situation will dictate the type of leadership. Depending upon the situation, the leadership style could either be directive or supportive. The leader will have to modify his style along with the variance in employee morale and skills. The figure below represents the correlation between the leadership style and the situation: The Situational leadership model places the onus of employee development on the leader. Because of its simplicity and ease of implementation, this is in wide use for training of leaders. It needs to be borne in mind that as the development of subordinates progresses, the leader himself also needs to develop and to adapt to the changing situation. Transformational Leadership. The term transformational leadership was first used by Downton (1973) but the concept was brought into prominence by James MacGregor Burns (1978). According to this theory, transformational leaders provide inspiration and motivate their subordinates to work towards a common objective. Burns divided leaders into two categories: the Transactional leaders who work on a system of rewards and punishments for the work done; and the Transformational leaders who make a connection with the followers to work towards the common goal. This theory was further developed by Bernard Bass (1985), who put forth the view that transformational leaders make their followers aware of the importance of the task and of their own needs for personal growth, while at the same time motivating them to place the organisational interests before their own. Further research has been carried out by Bass Avolio, 1990; Kunhert, 1994; and Avolio, 1999. Studies have demonstrated that transactional leaders had generally performed up to the expected standards, while transformational leaders have exceeded expectations (http://www.abolrous.com/hazem/leadershiptheories.pdf). Transformational leadership has been widely accepted by many organisations, but although they make an important contribution to the literature, but they should not be heralded as a revolutionary approach that makes all the earlier theories obsolete. (Yukl, 1999). Contemporary studies of various leaders and organisations indicate that for the successful implementation of organisational goals, there is a requirement of a mix of transformational leadership (at the top management level) and transactional leadership (at the implementation level). Notable amongst the research on this theory are the ones carried out by Bennis Nanus (1985) and Trichy DeVanna (1986, 1990), using similar methodologies of interviewing a large number of CEOs. Bennis Nanus came to the conclusion that the traits of transformational leaders can be described by four Is: Idealized Influence (leader becomes a role model) Inspirational Motivation (team spirit, motivate, and provide meaning and challenge). Intellectual Stimulation (creativity innovation) Individual Consideration (mentoring) Trichy DeVanna found that leaders bring about change by way of a three step process: Recognise the fact that there is a need for change Create a vision and design a plan based on this vision Institutionalize the change . http://sbinfocanada.about.com/od/leadership/g/leadership.htm Ward, Susan: Leadership http://changingminds.org/disciplines/leadership/theories/leadership_theories.htm Leadership Theories Bass, B. M. (1990). From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, (Winter): 19-31. Gagliardi, G., (2001) Sun Tzus art of war plus its amazing secrets: The keys to strategy. Clearbridge publishing. Seattle, WA. http://www.1000ventures.com/business_guide/crosscuttings/leadership_situational.html Situational Leadership Leadership Theory and Practice, Peter G. Northouse, Third Edition Management of Organizational Behavior, Paul Hersey, Seventh Edition http://www.abolrous.com/hazem/leadershiptheories.pdf Leadership Summary European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 1999, 8 (1), 33-48: An Evaluative Essay on Current Conceptions of Effective Leadership, Gary Yukl http://business.nmsu.edu/~dboje/teaching/338/transformational_leadership.htm Transformational Leadership: David M. Boje (2000) http://psychology.about.com/od/leadership/a/transformational.htm Transformational  Leadership: Kendra Cherry